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The Sixth Nucleoside of the Genome, 5-hmdC

2'-Deoxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)cytidine (5-hmdC) and its base 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) were recently discovered as oxidation products of 2’-deoxy-5-methylcytidine (5-mdC) in mammalian DNA, particularly in stem cell DNA. 5-mdC, a C5-methylated form of 2'-deoxycytidine (dC), has been studied as an indicator of DNA methylation in epigenetics. On the other hand, the biological function of 5-hmdC is currently not clear, but it is assumed that in stem cells it might be an intermediate of an active de-methylation process. Detection of 5-hmdC in a genome has been investigated to elucidate its role.

D4220

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