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Sonic Hedgehog Inhibitor
No.162(July 2014)
Hedgehog (Hh) proteins control cell growth, survival, and fate, and play important roles in vertebrate body plans.1) Mutations in the Hh gene were identified by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus.2) The origin of the name “Hedgehog” derives from the short and “spiked” cuticle phenotype of the Hh mutant Drosophila larvae.1) Three types of subgroups of Hh genes, Desert Hedgehog (Dhh), Indian Hedgehog (Ihh), and Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) have been identified.3)
Control of the Hh signal is required for conversion of ES calls to pancreatic hormone-releasing endocrine cells.4) Activation of Shh signaling, in combination with Oct4, reprograms mouse embryonic and adult fibroblasts into iPS cells.5)
It has been reported that Jervine (1) blocks Shh signal pathway and exposure of chick embryos to 1 results in cyclopia.6)
References
- 1)Hedgehog: Functions and mechanisms
- 2)Mutations affecting segment number and polarity in Drosophila
- 3)Sonic hedgehog, a member of a family of putative signaling molecules, is implicated in the regulation of CNS polarity
- 4)Production of pancreatic hormone-expressing endocrine cells from human embryonic stem cells
- 5)Reprogramming fibroblasts into induced pluripotent stem cells with Bmi1
- 6)Teratogen-mediated inhibition of target tissue response to Shh signaling
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