Quinine

Reference

• 1) Inhibitory and Resistance-Modifying Potential of Plant-Based Alkaloids Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
  • M. Mohtar, S.A. Johari, A.R. Li, M.M. Isa, S. Mustafa, A.M. Ali, D.F. Basri, Curr. Microbiol. 2009, 59, 181.


Application
Quinine, an Antimalarial Substance
  Quinine is one of the alkaloids which is included in the bark of cinchona tree and has been researched since 19^th century.¹⁾ It has an anti-malarial activity^2-4) and is considered to inhibit heme polymerase of plasmodium and to indicate toxicity to plasmodium. There are other antimalarial substances such as chloroquine diphosphate [C2301], hydroxychloroquine sulfate [H1306] and artemisinin [A2118]. (The product is for research purpose only)

References

• 1)Fatal Dose of Sulphate of Quinine
  • Anonymous, Prov. Med. J. Retrosp. Med. Sci. 1842, 5, 260.
• 2)Antimalarial Drug Toxicity (a review)
  • W. R. J. Taylor, N. J. White, Drug Saf. 2004, 27, 25.
• 3)Pharmacokinetics of quinine, chloroquine and amodiaquine. Clinical implications (a review)
  • S. Krishna, N. J. White, Clin. Pharmacokinet. 1996, 30, 263.
• 4)Quinine, an old anti-malarial drug in a modern world: role in the treatment of malaria (a review)
  • J. Achan, A. O. Talisuna, A. Erhart, A. Yeka, J. K. Tibenderana, F. N. Baliraine, P. J. Rosenthal, U. D'Alessandro, Malar. J. 2011, 10, 144.


Application
Asymmetric Tandem Michael Addition/Oxidation of Pyrazolones with p-Benzoquinone Using Cinchona Alkaloid Catalysts



Typical Procedure:
p-Benzoquinone (42.6 mg, 0.4 mmol) and quinine (1.3 mg, 2 mol%) are dissolved in 1,2-dichloroethane (2 mL). The solution is stirred at 25 °C for 10 min, after which a 4-substituted pyrazol-5-one (0.2 mmol) is added to the mixture. The solution is stirred at 25 °C for 24 h. Next, the solvent is removed under reduced pressure. The residue is directly subjected to column chromatography (petroleum ether/EtOAc = 10:1–6:1) to afford the desired product.

References

• Y. He, X. Bao, J. Qu, B. Wang, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2015, 26, 1382.


PubMed Literature